Muffler for internal combustion engines



Feb. 13, 1934. s. s. HANSON MUFFLER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Sept. 16, 1931 INVENTOR AT TORNEY Patented Feb. 13, 1934 1,946,908 MUFFLER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Soren S. Hanson, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application September 16, 1931 Serial No. 563,071

Claims (Cl. 137-160) This invention relates to improvements in devices for deadening or muflling the noise caused by the escape or discharge of the exhaust gases of engines into the open atmosphere; and its ob-.

5 iect is to provide a simple, compact, inexpensive and very efficient device for the purpose, having certain other new and useful features and the particular construction and combination of parts by means of which the explosive energy of the gases is absorbed.

The main object of a muffler is to dissipate the forces in the exhaust gases and eliminate the noises to the greatest possible extent with a minimum of back pressure in the engine exhaust outlet. The hot exhaust gases, which are intermittently ejected from the engine cylinders, set up a straight line of propulsive force along the path of least resistance. In the present invention I have provided means for breaking up, expending, cooling and increasing the velocity of the gases to such an extent that they leave the muffler discharge end at a greater velocity than that at which they enter the muflier, thus eliminating back pressure.

Additional objects of the invention will appear in the following specification, in which the preferred form of the invention is disclosed.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a device embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device, on the inlet side of the mufller, partly broken away to expose the cone.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the perforated disc.

Fig. 4 is a view in elevation of the parts separated, certain of the parts being broken away.

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates the exhaust inlet of the mufiler. The body of the muflier comprises the conical members 2 and 3. Each of the members 2 and 3 is provided with flanges 4 and 5. Located within the body of the muflier is an inner cone 6, and a concave perforated disc '7. The inner cone 6 is provided with a series of curved vanes 8, partly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, and a series of curved slots 9. The concave perforated disc '7, is provided with a series of curved vanes 10, partly shown in Figure 3 of the drawing, and a series of perforations 12. Number 13 indicates the restricted muflier outlet opening.

In the operation, the exhaust gases enter the muffler at 1 and strike the inner cone 6. In this chamber, a gradual expansion, due to a gradual increase in cross-sectional area, takes place. The body of the muffler, with which the gases come in contact on their downward passage, offer an ideal cooling surface. Arrows show the flow of the gases to the lower part of the inner cone where they are reduced to a relatively thin layer and made to pass through the curved vanes 8, where they are given a spiralor rotary movement. This movement increases the velocity of the gases and continues through the curved slots 5 9 on to the curved vanes 10 of the concave, perforated disc 7. Arrows show the further passage of the gases into the expansion chamber 11, where the collision of the various streams of gas escaping from the curved vanes effects a practically complete neutralization of the inherent forces or kinetic energy in the gases, and transforming them into a loose mass in confused commotion without appreciable force. The gases are next forced through perforation l1 and quietly roll out through mufiler outlet 13 into the open air. It is obvious that sparks or flames, caused by pre-ignition or back firing in the cylinders, will be arrested in this mufller, thus making it fireproof.

In assembling the mufiler, the perforated disc 7 so is first placed in position in the conical member 3. The inner cone 6 is next placed in position, resting on the concave perforated disc 7 thereafter the conical member 2 is placed in position, its flange 4 contacting flange 5 of the conical 35 member 3. The assembly is now placed in a lathe, or the like, where flange 5 of conical member 3 is spun or bent over flange 4 of conical member 2, securely connecting the conical members 2 and 3 and completing the assembly. 0

I have shown a preferred form of my invention in construction and assembly, but it is obvious that parts may be held together in various ways, as by welding, etc. It is obvious that a muffler embodying my invention is very inexpensive to manufacture and assemble, consisting entirely of stamped out sheet iron parts, and is thoroughly effective for the purposes intended.

Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows:

1. A mufller comprising opposed comiected casing members, one being an inlet member having an outwardly flaring formation toward its base, and the second being an outlet member having adjacent its outer margin an annular trough-like formation, a disk disposed within the connected casing members and having a perforated area axially of said trough-like formation, a deflecting cone within the casing members having its apex projected within the inlet portion of the inlet casing member and its margin projected within the said trough-like formation, means spacing the marginal area of the cone from the adjacent wall of the inlet casing member so as to permit the flow of gases between their surfaces to said trough-like formation, and a plurality of vanes intermediate the marginal area of the cone and the said disk for separating the cone and disk to provide areas for the passage of gases from the trough-like member to the interior of the cone.

2. A muffler constructed in accordance with claim 1 in which the cone is held spaced from the inlet and outlet casing members by two sets of vanes, the first set lying intermediate the inlet casing member and the cone substantially at the base of the latter, the vanes being directed substantially tangential to that portion of the cone intermediate its apex and the vanes, and the second set of vanes lying between the perforated disk and the adjacent wall of the cone and adapted to direct the gases in paths extending transversely of the paths directed by the first-named vanes.

3. A muiiier comprising opposed connected casing members, one being a frusto-conical inlet member having an axial inlet and the second being an outlet member having an axial outlet and an inner annular marginal concave area, a deflecting cone within the casing and having its apex directed toward the inlet and provided with a series of short marginal vanes contacting with the inlet member of the casing and a disc perforated with a plurality of perforations said disk being disposed within the casing below the cone and provided with short upwardly directed marginal vanes in contact with the inner wall of the cone, and means securing the inlet and outlet casing members together and thereby holding the cone and the perforated disk in separated relationship, the cone vanes contacting with the inlet casing member at the margin of the latter, and the cone being supported upon the vanes of the disk.

4. A device constructed in accordance with claim 1 in which the cone is provided on its outward side with a scalloped surface for the passage. of gases.

5. A mufiler comprising opposed casing members, one being a frusto-conical inlet member having an axial inlet and the second being an outlet member having an axial outlet and a marginal annular concave area, a deflecting cone within the casing and having its apex directed toward the inlet and provided with a series of marginal short vanes directed toward the inlet member, and a disc within the casing below the cone, said disc being provided with a plurality of perforations and with short vanes exterior of the perforations, the vanes of the cone engaging the inlet member of the casing and the vanes of the disc engaging the cone, the margins of one casing member being turned over upon the margins of the other casing member to hold the parts in assembled position.

SOREN S. HANSON. 

